Advogado conta como foi encontro de 10 horas com Gorbachev em Miami

"Tive a oportunidade de estar praticamente o dia todo com Gorbachev. Chegamos cedo ao local do evento. Por volta das 10h, caminhamos pela praia, conversando até o almoço"

José Miguel Vivanco

postado em 31/08/2022 05:52

(FILES) In this file photo taken on August 27, 1991 Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev stresses a point on the second day of the extraordinary session of the Supreme Soviet in Moscow. Mikhail Gorbachev, the last Soviet leader, celebrates his 90th birthday on March 2, 2021. / AFP / VITALY ARMAND - (crédito: VITALY ARMAND)

Em 2002, tivemos uma reunião em Miami, durante a qual me convidaram para um almoço com Gorbachev. À noite, participei de um painel com ele, em que falamos sobre democracia e sobre as relações entre EUA e Cuba. Tive a oportunidade de estar praticamente o dia todo com Gorbachev. Chegamos cedo ao local do evento. Por volta das 10h, caminhamos pela praia, conversando até o almoço.

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  (FILES) In this file photo taken on August 21, 1991 Soviet President Mikhail Gorbatchev makes his first appearance since the military coup speaking to reporters at his country house shortly before his return to Moscow after the coup failed. Behind Gorbatchev stands Russian vice-president Alexander Rutskoi (2nd R). Thirty years ago, communist reactionaries attempted a coup against the reformist Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev.The overthrow bid on August 18, 1991 failed, and three days later, the victorious leaders of the Russian Federation flew to Crimea to liberate Gorbachev, who had been held under house arrest in the seaside resort of Foros. (Photo by STEPHANE BENTURA / AFP) STEPHANE BENTURA
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  (FILES) In this file photo taken on November 21, 1985 US President Ronald Reagan talks to Soviet general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev during a two-day summit in Geneva. Russian leader Vladimir Putin and US President Joe Biden are to meet in Geneva on June 16, 2021 amid the biggest crisis in ties between their two countries in recent history. / AFP / - -
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  (FILES) In this file photo taken on August 27, 1991 Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev stresses a point on the second day of the extraordinary session of the Supreme Soviet in Moscow. Mikhail Gorbachev, the last Soviet leader, celebrates his 90th birthday on March 2, 2021. / AFP / VITALY ARMAND VITALY ARMAND
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  (FILES) In this file photo taken on May 09, 2017 Former head of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev attends the Victory Day military parade at Red Square in Moscow. Mikhail Gorbachev, the last Soviet leader, celebrates his 90th birthday on March 2, 2021. / AFP / Kirill KUDRYAVTSEV KIRILL KUDRYAVTSEV
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  (FILES) In this file photo taken on September 02, 2013 Former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev gestures during the opening of a conference to celebrate the 20th anniversary of Green Cross International, founded in 1993 by Gorbachev to address environmental issues as well as poverty and insecurity. Mikhail Gorbachev, the last Soviet leader, celebrates his 90th birthday on March 2, 2021. / AFP / Fabrice COFFRINI FABRICE COFFRINI
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  (FILES) In this file photo taken on April 03, 2012 Former Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev cheers up participants as French international chess grandmaster Vladislav Tkachiev plays blind in Moscow a simultaneous match against Russian politicians. Mikhail Gorbachev, the last Soviet leader, celebrates his 90th birthday on March 2, 2021. / AFP / Alexander NEMENOV ALEXANDER NEMENOV
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  (FILES) In this file photo taken on April 14, 1993 Former Soviet Defense Minister Dmitry Yazov (C), 70, receives a kiss from a supporter as he walks into Moscow's court. The trial of 12 former Soviet leaders accused of plotting a failed August 1991 coup against former President Mikhail Gorbachev opened before a military tribunal. The former leaders challenged the jurisdiction of the military Supreme Court trying them. The last marshal of the Soviet Union Dmitry Yazov, who participated in a coup against the last USSR leader Mikhail Gorbachev in 1991, has died, according to news agencies. / AFP / Yuri KADOBNOV YURI KADOBNOV
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  TO GO WITH AFP STORY BY GABRIELLE TETRAULT-FARBERNICOLAS MILETITCH(FILES) This file photo taken on December 25, 1991 shows Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev looking downcast as he addresses the Nation to announce his resignation on a TV image taken in Moscow. On December 25, 1991, the last leader of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev, resignedthe hammersickle flag atop the Kremlin was replaced by the Russian tricolour. The iconic moment drove the final nail into the coffin of over 70 years of Soviet ruleopened a new era of uncertainty that left an indelible mark on the world mapthe people of Russia. / AFP / TV GRAB TV GRAB
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  Former head of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev speaks during a ceremony to hand over three paintings by Russian artist Paul Chmaroff including "Paysannes dans les Bois", "Deux Baigneuses" (L) and "Autoportrait", to the Museum of Russian Impressionism in Moscow on December 16, 2016. RESTRICTED TO EDITORIAL USE - MANDATORY MENTION OF THE ARTIST UPON PUBLICATION - TO ILLUSTRATE THE EVENT AS SPECIFIED IN THE CAPTION / AFP / Vasily MAXIMOV / RESTRICTED TO EDITORIAL USE - MANDATORY MENTION OF THE ARTIST UPON PUBLICATION - TO ILLUSTRATE THE EVENT AS SPECIFIED IN THE CAPTION VASILY MAXIMOV
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  Former head of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev speaks during a ceremony to hand over three paintings by Russian artist Paul Chmaroff including "Paysannes dans les Bois", "Deux Baigneuses" and "Autoportrait", to the Museum of Russian Impressionism in Moscow on December 16, 2016. / AFP / Vasily MAXIMOV VASILY MAXIMOV
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  Former President of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev (R) and his daughter Irina Mikhailovna Virganskaya attend a ceremony organised by the Berlin Senate to mark the 25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall, on November 9, 2014 at the Gendarmenmarkt concert house in Berlin. AFP PHOTO / POOL / ROBERT MICHAEL ROBERT MICHAEL
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  Former President of the Soviet Union Mikahil Gorbachev enjoys the view of Brandenburger Gate before attending a symposium on security in Europe 25 years after the fall of the "Wall" in Berlin on November 8, 2014. Former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev warned in Germany on November 7, 2014 of new East-West tensions sparked by the Ukraine crisis, speaking ahead of ceremonies commemorating the fall of the Berlin Wall. AFP PHOTO / DPA/ JENS KALAENE GERMANY OUT JENS KALAENE

Depois da refeição, seguimos debatendo até o jantar. Foi um encontro notável. Pudemos falar de sua experiência no enfrentamento da crise na União Soviética. Ele contoume sobre suas conversas com os governantes do Leste Europeu, na época, todos ditadores. Para Gorbachev, a autodeterminação era o princípio fundamental do qual dependia sua visão da estabilidade democrática.

O povo teve a liberdade para, democraticamente, decidir o próprio futuro. Ele considerava que a falta de liberdades e do Estado de Direito no Leste Europeu se devia à dominação da velha URSS e ao esforço em impor um sistema que não coincidia ou não correspondia às posição majoritárias dos países da região.”

José Miguel Vivanco é diretor da Divisão das Américas da Human Rights Watch (HRW) e especialista em América Latina